Radiator



T. E. MURRAY Jan. 31, 1933.

RADIATOR Original Filed July 14, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet l awwemtozJZIOMHJ'ZZJQVRFPZH ES EE A G Jan. 31, 1933. 'r. E; MURRAY 1,895,482

' RADIATOR Original Filed July 14, 1925. 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 V- 2. and 3are preferably made ofcopper and ,very thin as described in certainprevious Patented Jan. 31, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE THOMAS E.MURRAY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK; JOSEPH BRADLEY MURRAY, THOMAS E. MURRAY,UR, AND JOHN F. MURRAY EXEGUTORS OF SAID THOMAS E. MURRAY,

DECEASED RADIATOR Original application filed July 14, 1925, Serial No.43,444, new patent No. 1,723,573, dated August 6, 1929. Divided and thisapplication 'filed December 27, 1928. Serial No. 328,675.

This application is a division of my application No.'43,444,-filed July14,1925 (Pat. N 0. 1,7 23,57 3, Aug. 6, 1929). The invention is directedto improvements in radiators 5 usingian" electric heating element bywhich a. high efliciency is secured as well as other advantages referredto in detail hereinafter. i The accompanying drawings illustrateembodiments of the invention.

with part of a cover removed I Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section of thesame;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary cross-section in another plane; Y

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are perspective views of radiators adapted to operatewith different heating mediums.

' Referring to Figs..1 and 2, the'receptacle or chamber for the-heatingmedium is an approximately elliptical vessel made of two outwardlyconcave plates 1 crimped together at their edges,and"soldered or weldedif necessary to makea tight joint. Fastened to the top and bottom edgesof this vessel, also by a crimped joint, are plates 2 and 3 extendingabove and below the vessel respectively and formingdiaphragms extendingthe full length of the radiator. At each side of "the vessel is aradiating structure comprising vertical plates 4 connected alternatelyat their outer and inner ends by plates 5 and 6 respectively. The latterbear against the sides 1 of the chamber and against the longitudinaldiaphragms 2' and 3and may be soldered or weldedthereto to ensureintimate contact and ready transmission of heat. The upper edges of theradiating structure are surrounded by a rail or strip 7 for protectionagainst their sharp edges and in order to stiffen them, and a similarstrip 8 passes around their lower edges.

1 forming the chamber and the diaphragms applicationsiwhich I havefiled. To permit the use of such thin metal, stiffening means areimportant. This purpose is served by Fig. 1 is a perspective view of aradiator The radiating structure and also the plates the corner strips 7and 8 and particularly by i the central diaphragms 2 and 3. The tying ofthe radiating plates to these diaphragms converts the entire radiatingstructure into a unit for the resistance of lateral strains fromexternal sources and also reinforces the thin walled vessel so as topermit the carrying of a comparatively high steam pressure thereinwithout bending its sides outward.

Each of the spaces included between a pair of plates 4 and an outerplate 5 is closed also on the inside by the diaphragms 2 and 3 and theheating vessel and forms a vertical flue through which the air willcirculate rapidly in a column exposed on all four sides to contact witha direct heating or radiating surface. By extending the radiatingstructure to a greater vertical length than the'heating vessel, theinduced draft and the rate of circulation of the column ofair, and theefiiciency of the radiator are very considerably increased.

The space enclosed between two plates 4: and an inside connecting plate6 serves a similar function but not so effectively because it is notclosed on the outer side. I propose, however, to provide a cover whichwill close these spaces on the outside and thus form fiues closed on allsides. Such covers are indicated at 9, consisting of plates at theopposite sides, eachextending nearly the full length and height. of theradiating struc- .ture. Such plates may be a permanent part of thestructure, or they may be made easily removable as illustrated. Themajor portion of each plate 9 lies in the plane of the rails 7 and 8. Itis provided, however, with ears 10 and 11 at the opposite ends which arebent in so as to lie within the rails 7 and 8. It is also formed withoutwardly projecting ribs 11 and 12 which serve to stiffen it and servealso as stops to limit its vertical movement. By sliding it upwardslightly from the position of Fig. 3, its lower edge can be swungoutward and the plate dropped and removed. a Y

The heating vessel has a pipe 12 at one end leading from the upper partof the vessel and a pipe 13 at the other end at a level slightly abovethe bottom of the chamber, leaving a triangular space or pocket forwater toaecumulate.

ill-illustrate in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 adaptations of the radiator tovarious heating mediums, mh efwmmsqieit and hot i jigriisjdesigned to beheated by either era om 'pe steam system. The 1 cablerlleagthrzlgb thepipe 13 to 1 a .,immgi seon ric heetmg ele- "p 1 diegrammatically at 15(Fig; 2).;Asmall body of water Wlll general y ellldiiin the vessel fromthe steam heating I 0r; can ,be in ce: a. a .n a end is the her therfrom pr -r therein a r p e ckei h the valve 16 pipe 17 ;as tis in histype of W es 5 is satgms lartfltthtt of l-e' exeept at'it opera wi a wo-A inl g '1 mprm Hjeeuaeeting you ve Wheaten by hot water, bad 16 andcirculating k g thelarrows. When ty valves 161ml ,7 1 felp fll' isremoved to down tothe deii ffi md lgvelamtwhibfm up 21 is replaced.

i p {of Figf' tjcan'heused y i n of-eleotric;"and one- ;eo theivalve 19j and cap 21' utter as a eombimtion electric @tivo-pipe'steamsystem byalways keep I cap- 21 closed. The smell rwervoir I g 1n the heatingchamber may be r outlet ipe slight- I i v asillustrat ormerely on of thewater in the "the drain pi when- BeuSedh-An this ar- 1 by a variety ofiheat- V, lieapplied to radietors of ofierueimlor suitulile designsofheating eleme'nt inay be substituted for the vessel shown. V 11 5'radiating structuresbf the vessel are face to t 0.056 cubic feet, thearea of radiating s i .U i s pp structure and indueeaflow of theeool 5.'Thereis tease Eipeihwith a cap illustrated of such proportions as togive an" unusually high who of total radiating sur-' e volume or contentof the chamber. For example, if the latter be; 18 by 12* by 6 inchesoutside dimensionspggv-fl ing a capacity of something over 3 pin or isabo 2% q re t I i -erefio about 370 squaref i Q ir diating to ens cubicfoot of contents of the she i f;

in thin sheets, withthe'fliiear? rangement of the radiating structureextend? 111g aeshewn vertical beyo d-ether; r theradiator'is brou uptoits u r heating efieet practically instantly upon ap icitionoftheheating medinm;: g

have found by-experiment that-this; quits; about 20 seeends "th steam, 2(500 watts) with electricity. The radiatormaybe'equaily ing -air'bycirculating cold brine the pipes so thatthe latterrheeo heating elementonly in the neglative that is, they extract heatzfrom t e;' n

downward through theaflnes to the upward circulation of aiieindueedibythe the sage of steam through the ipes.

r important featumm in vertical extension of pletesiebove'the levels!the electric eit where the heatis 'firstipph'ufi transverse platesformed them i a x1mndt M T..-, r-heatingelementirelatiweky astoforni'mental seriesof vertical columns of 1m p g ly; b h s d s r ,5

hmimp l pfl ym d see -t n,

eratfwthecirculatie, he heated umnsupward from and throughout the roomor inclosuize tobej heated- 'tr a nsversetglates have a g tactf'iwithesides of the vessel U have a good heat-conducting "1 y the sides of thevessel, with thew element. g y f jjfhejheat produced by theelectric rwithin the vessel is therefore transmitted, the plates forming th e.,.vertical air duetsre ferred to; he Pairs" f platesiwhich e@ v fat theirouter edges are in has;

n in cross-sectiou'end adapted teprducean even greaterdrafl upwardspaces between suchflues. That'is, t arefiiiuctswhich work even more hthan; the open-sided ductsbetween F The result of tliis high verti" Q"arrangement is that,'instead of it relates stationary or slowly risingand laterall fusin overheated body of air around heating element, andunderheated air in the remainder of the room or inclosure, the presentinvention produces a greatly accelerated ascent of warm columns of airthrough the 5 heated ducts and upward therefrom and thus a forcedcirculation and distribution of evenly heat-ed air throughout the entireinclosure.

Generic claims are presented in the parent application referred toabove, the present application being limited to the use of the electricheating element.

Various modifications may be made by those, skilled in the art withoutdeparting from the invention as defined in the followin claims.

l claim:

1. An electric heater comprising a substantially horizontal electricheating element, I a longitudinal series of transverse heat conductingplates separate from and fixed in heat conducting relation to saidheating element,

and a series of longitudinal plates spanning the spaces between theouter edges of said transverse plates, the spaces within such platesconstituting unobstructed fiues open at the top and bottom and of avertical length relatively great compared with their width for inducinga rapid circulation of the heated air, the inner portions of the platesbeing in contact with the heating element and the remaining portionsbeing exposed on both faces to the air of the room.

2. An electric heater comprising a substantially horizontal electricheating element, a longitudinal series of transverse heat conductingplates separate from and fixed in heat conducting relation to saidheating ele ment, and a series of longitudinal plates spanning thespaces between the outer edges of said transverse plates, the spaceswithin such plates constituting unobstructed fiues open at the top andbottom and of a vertical ducting plates separate from and fixed inheat-conducting relation to said heating element, said plates being intwo separate groups arranged at opposite sides respectively of theheating element and united to each other In witness whereof, I havehereunto signed my name.

THOMAS E. MURRAY.

length relatively great compared with their width for inducing a rapidcirculation of the heated air, said transverse and longitudinal plates"being formed of a continuous corrugated sheet with the inner portions ofthe corrugations in heat conducting relation to the heating element, andthe remaining portions of the sheet being exposed on both faces to theair of the room.

3. An electric heater comprising a substantially horizontal vessel withopposite end openings at difierentlevels for passing a fluid heatingmedium therethrough, an electric element within the vessel in contactwith the fluid therein so as to heat the same and a longitudinal seriesof transverse heat-conducting plates separate from and fixed to thevessel in heat-conducting relation thereof and exposed on both faces tothe air of the room to transmit to it the heat from the vessel.

f 4. An electric heater comprising a substantially horizontal electricheating element, a

" longitudinal series of transverse heat-con-

